Many governments around the world have criminal statutes preventing “unlawful assembly” crimes. Generally speaking, an unlawful assembly refers to a gathering of individuals who come together in order to commit an unlawful act or to behave in a violent, boisterous or tumultuous manner. While nations around the world differ in their tolerance of public gatherings, in the Western world, peaceful assemblies of the people are well-accepted and commonplace. The concept of lawful assembly, or freedom of assembly, is well-enshrined in a number of human rights instruments, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights – Article 20, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights – Article 21 and the European Convention on Human Rights – Article 11. Moreover, the right to peaceably assemble is a founding principal of national law in democratic nations around the world, including in the US under the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United [...]
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